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The Chinese traditionally believe that each city is watched over by its own guardian god. The earliest temple to the God of Shanghai was founded in the Song Dynasty (960-1279) when a shrine was erected to the City God of Huating County. The Huating shrine was located in Danjing Temple, far from its current location. The present site was originally used in the Ming Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Yongle (1403-1425). A statue of General Huo Guang of the Han Dynasty was enshrined in the front hall, while a statue of Qin Yubo, the god of the City, rested in the back hall. Qin Yubo is a Taoist deity known for his righteousness and learning.

Legends say that in the early Ming dynasty Qin Yubo was an irreprehensible scholar who, out of disdain for politics, refused to become a court official. After Qin Yubo's death in 1377, the emperor lamented that he had never been able to persuade the matchless official to take up a post in the central government, which was rife with corruption. The emperor decided to deify Qin Yubo in order to honour his learning and honest nature. The area surrounding his temple has grown into a bustling market, with over 100 stores selling countless varieties of traditional products. Charged with protecting the land, the spirit of Qin Yubo is believed to watch over Shanghai even today.

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